Cleaning & Disinfecting Surfaces Can Help Lower COVID-19 Rates

How Disinfecting Surfaces Can Help Lower COVID-19 Rates: Best Cleaning Practices to Reduce Risk

As the world continues to navigate the ongoing effects of COVID-19, preventing the spread of the virus remains a key public health priority. While airborne transmission through respiratory droplets is the primary mode of spread, contaminated surfaces—also known as fomites—can still play a role in transmission, particularly in high-traffic areas. Disinfecting surfaces effectively is one of several important steps that can help reduce the risk of infection.

The Role of Surface Disinfection in COVID-19 Prevention

COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which can survive on surfaces for hours to days depending on the material. For instance, studies have found that the virus can remain viable on plastic and stainless steel for up to 72 hours under certain conditions. Although surface transmission is less common than respiratory transmission, it is still possible, especially when individuals touch a contaminated surface and then touch their face—particularly their mouth, nose, or eyes.

Disinfecting surfaces helps to:

• Kill the virus on contact, breaking the chain of potential indirect transmission.

• Reinforce a culture of hygiene in shared spaces like schools, offices, healthcare facilities, and homes.

• Reduce overall microbial load, which is especially important in settings with vulnerable populations.

Best Practices for Disinfecting Surfaces

To ensure disinfection is both safe and effective, follow these recommended guidelines:

1. Clean Before Disinfecting

Disinfection is not the same as cleaning. Cleaning removes dirt and organic material, while disinfecting kills germs. If a surface is visibly dirty, clean it with soap and water first. This ensures the disinfectant can work effectively.

2. Use EPA-Approved Disinfectants

Use products from the EPA’s List N, which are proven to kill SARS-CoV-2. Common effective ingredients include:

• Alcohol (at least 70%)

• Hydrogen peroxide

• Quaternary ammonium compounds

• Sodium hypochlorite (bleach, diluted appropriately)

Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for contact time (how long the surface should remain wet with the disinfectant).

3. Target High-Touch Surfaces

Focus on frequently touched surfaces, including:

• Doorknobs and handles

• Light switches

• Tabletops and countertops

• Phones and keyboards

• Bathroom fixtures

• Remote controls

4. Disinfect Regularly

In public or shared spaces, disinfect high-touch areas multiple times per day. In homes, once-daily disinfection is usually sufficient unless someone is sick or has recently recovered from illness.

5. Ensure Proper Ventilation

When using chemical disinfectants, open windows or use fans to provide airflow and reduce inhalation of fumes.

6. Wear Gloves and Wash Hands

Wear disposable gloves when cleaning and disinfecting surfaces. After removing gloves, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds.

7. Avoid Mixing Chemicals

Never mix disinfectants (especially bleach and ammonia), as this can create dangerous fumes.

Additional Risk-Reduction Strategies

Disinfecting is just one layer of protection. Combine it with other proven measures:

• Hand hygiene: Wash hands frequently or use hand sanitizer.

• Masking: Wear masks in crowded indoor spaces, especially during outbreaks.

• Vaccination: Stay up-to-date on COVID-19 vaccines and boosters.

• Ventilation: Increase air circulation to reduce airborne virus particles.

Final Thoughts

While the main driver of COVID-19 spread is through the air, especially in poorly ventilated spaces, surface disinfection remains a helpful part of a multi-layered approach to infection control. By regularly cleaning and disinfecting high-touch surfaces using recommended methods, individuals and organizations can contribute to safer environments and help curb the spread of COVID-19.